OSI Model
Definition
The OSI Model describes Internet using 7 layers:
Model
| N° | Layer | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | Application | High-level protocols used at the application level for data exchange (e.g., HTTP) |
| 6 | Presentation | Data representation and interface between applications and network endpoints. |
| 5 | Session | Management of communication sessions |
| 4 | Tansport | Transmission reliability, including segmentation and acknowledgement |
| 3 | Network | Addressing and routing of data across networks |
| 2 | Data | Node-to-node data transfer and framing |
| 1 | Physical | Physical transmission of raw bits and encoding of data on the medium. |
Protocols
7. Application
HTTP - HTTPS - FTP - SMTP - Git - GraphQL - REST - SMB - DNS - CSRF Tokens - HTTP Headers - DNS - LDAP / LDAPS - Kerberos - SNMP - SMTP / IMAP / POP3 - RDP - SSH - NFS
6. Presentation
SSL/TLS - MIME - XML - JSON - MIME - base64 - gzip - ASN.1 - X.509 - JWT
5. Session
Sockets - WebSocket - OAuth2.0 - SAML - Session Cookies
4. Transport
TCP - UDP
3. Network
IP - IPsec - ICMP - BGP
2. Data
ARP - MAC - Ethernet - 802.1X
1. Physical
Bluetooth - Wi-Fi - USB - NFC - RFID